{"id":2978,"date":"2019-04-21T08:52:01","date_gmt":"2019-04-21T16:52:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tbc.chhongbi.org\/?p=2978"},"modified":"2020-10-26T08:21:57","modified_gmt":"2020-10-26T16:21:57","slug":"%ef%bb%bf%e9%86%ab%e5%ad%b8%e5%8f%b0%e8%aa%9e%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2-e-%e6%84%9f%e6%83%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tbc.chhongbi.org\/?p=2978","title":{"rendered":"\ufeff\u91ab\u5b78\u53f0\u8a9e\u6559\u80b2 \u00ea \u611f\u60f3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u7f8e\u570bkap \u6b50\u6d32\u91ab\u754c\u6700\u8fd1\u63d0\u51fa\u91ab\u7642\u5c08\u696d\u61b2\u7ae0(The Charter on Medical Professionalism)\uff0c\u8a8d\u5b9a 3 \u9805\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u9808\u505a\u6709\u5920\u984d\u624d\u7b97\u662f\u91ab\u7642\u5c08\u696d\uff1a(1)\u60a3\u8005\u5e78\u798f\u81f3\u4e0a(the primacy of patient welfare)\u3001(2)\u60a3\u8005\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a(patient autonomy)\u3001(3)\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9(social justice)\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u662fbeh \u9054\u8457\u91ab\u7642\u7167\u9867\u6709\u5408\u4eba\u6027\u00ea\u8981\u6c42(Maintain the humane aspects of medical care)\u3002\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u662f\u60a3\u8005\u5bb6\u5df1\u624d\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u7528\u5bb6\u5df1\u4e0a\u719f\u4f3c\u00ea\u8a9e\u8a00\u6587\u5316\u50f9\u503c\u7cfb\u7d71\u505a\u6839\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u53f0\u8a9e\u00ea\u8a9e\u8a00\u6587\u5316\u6709\u771f\u6fdf kap \u83ef\u8a9e\u7121\u4edd \u00ea\u7279\u8272\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8b1b\uff0c\u53f0\u8a9e\u60a3\u8005\u82e5\u8b1b\u201c\u6709khah \u5dee\u201d\u662f\u8868\u793a\u75c5\u60c5\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u6539\u5584\uff0cm\u0304\u662f\u8b8a khah \u5dee\uff01\u83ef\u8a9e\u8b1b\u300c\u5614\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u300d\uff0c\u82f1\u8a9e\u662fnausea\/vomiting\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u53f0\u8a9e\uff0cchh\u00f9i-chh\u00ecn (\u5634\u51ca)\u3001p\u00e9ng-pak (\u53cd\u8179)\u3001khang-\u00e1u (\u7a7a\u5614) kap \u5410\uff0c\u52064 \u00ea \u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u8db3\u6e05\u695a koh \u7cbe\u5bc6\u3002\u7b46\u8005 bat\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u771f\u5091\u51fa\u00ea\u5b78\u751f–\u7f8e\u570b\u5728\u53f0\u5354\u6703\u9ad8\u96c4\u5206\u8655\u8655\u9577\u91d1\u5927\u53cb(1996-99)\uff0c\u4f0a\u00ea\u53f0\u8a9e\u6703\u66c9\u807d\u3001\u8b1b\u3001\u8b80\u3001\u5beb\uff1b\u6709\u4e00\u64fa\u6211\u554f\u4f0achh\u00f9i-chh\u00ecn \u82f1\u8a9e beh \u6309\u600e\u8b1b\u3002\u4f0a\u60f3\u8db3\u4e45\uff0c\u8def\u5c3e\u6709\u9ede\u4ed4\u7121\u5948\uff0c\u8b1b\u300cI feel green\u3002\u300d\u82f1\u8a9e\u7121\u9019\u6b3e\u8a5e thang \u7528\uff01koh\u6709\uff0c\u00e0ng-h\u012b\u207f (\u7515\u8033)\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u611f\u5192\u00ea\u6642\u8033\u5b54\u585e\u585e\u00ea\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u9019\u99ac \u00ea\u5c11\u5e74\u5bb6\u650f\u8b1b\u505a\u300c\u8033\u9cf4\u300d\uff0c\u00e0ng-h\u012b\u207f \u650f\u8882\u66c9\u8b1b\u3002\u8033\u9cf4\u662ftinnitus\uff0c\u00e0ng-h\u012b\u207f\u662f aural fullness\u3002\u6211\u00ea\u540c\u4e8b\u912d\u91ab\u5e2b bat \u62c4\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u8702\u7aa9\u7d44\u7e54\u708e\u300d\uff0c\u9023\u7e8c\u98df\u85e5\u4ed4\u500b\u5916\u6708\uff0c\u650f\u597d\u8882\u96e2\uff1b\u6163\u52e2\u8b1b\u6bcd\u8a9e\u00ea\u912d\u91ab\u5e2bk\u0101\u8b1b\u300c\u4f60\u9019\u662fphang-si\u016b-eng\uff0c\u82e5\u7121\u505a\u6b63\u7d93\u98df\u85e5\u4ed4\uff0c\u6027\u547d\u6703\u70cf\u6709\u53bb neh\uff01\u300d\u60a3\u8005\u807d\u8457phang-si\u016b-eng \u9019\u00ea\u8a9e\u97f3\uff0c\u96d6\u7f54 m\u0304\u77e5\u6f22\u5b57\u5beb\u505a\u300c\u8702\u5cab\u7670\u300d\uff0c\u537b\u96a8\u8b1b\u300c\u592d\u58fd \u00f4\u0358\uff01\u8702\u5cab\u7670\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u54ea\u7121k\u0101\u6211\u8b1b\uff1f\u9019\u6703\u6b7b\u4eba neh\uff01\u300d\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u77e5\u5f71\u300cphang-si\u016b-eng\u300d\uff0cm\u0304-bat\u300c\u8702\u7aa9\u7d44\u7e54\u708e\u300d\uff0c\u4fd7\u8a9e\u8b1b\u300c\u8702\u5cab\u7670\u3001\u767e\u767e\u7a7a\uff0c\u7dca\u7dca\u5c31\u7121\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u9019\u6b3e\u75c7\u982d\u771f\u6b79 khang\uff0c\u51e1\u52e2\u6703\u6b7b\u4eba\u3002\u75be\u75c5kap \u8a9e\u8a00\u6587\u5316\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u4e92\u76f8\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u00ea\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u9019\u6b3e\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u60a3\u8005\u65a1\u982d\u53bb\u544a\u91ab\u751f\uff0c\u6562\u6703\u6210\u7acb\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u99ac\u00ea\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u7d30\u6f22\u5c31\u6163\u52e2\u7528\u83ef\u8a9e\u601d\u8003kap \u4ea4\u8ac7\uff0c\u8b80\u82f1\u6587\u8ab2\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u83ef\u8a9e\u53ca\u82f1\u8a9et\u012b\u75c5\u9662\u5831\u544a\u75c5\u4f8b\uff1b\u5be6\u969b\u9762\u5c0d\u55ae\u8a9e\u6216\u8005\u662f\u83ef\u8a9e\u7121\u5920l\u00e1u-t\u00e2u(\u719f\u7df4)\u00ea\u60a3\u8005\u6642\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e7e\u7126\u534a\u81c6\u534a\u63a8\u6e2c\u60a3\u8005\u00ea\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u9019\u6b3e\u9023\u57fa\u672c\u6e9d\u901ato \u6709\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u54ea\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8b1b\u751a\u7269\u7642\u54c1\u8cea\uff1f\u5176\u4ed6\u00ea\u8b70\u984ckoh-khah \u514d\u8b1b\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u54b1\u82e5\u505a\u5e74\u8001\u60a3\u8005\u5c0d\u8b77\u58eb\u7167\u9867\u6eff\u610f\u5ea6\u00ea\u79d1\u5b78\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u8db3h\u014d\u0358\u4eba\u50b7\u5fc3\uff01\u56e0\u70ba\u8b77\u58eb\u662fkap \u60a3\u8005\u4e0a\u6377chih \u63a5 (\u63a5\u89f8)\u3001\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0a\u5bc6\u5207 \u00ea\u91ab\u7642\u4eba\u54e1\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0a\u8882\u66c9\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u571f\u8a9e\u8a00\u00ea\u8077\u696d\u7fa4\uff01\u6ce8\u5c04\u8b1b\u300c\u62cd\u91dd\u300d\u3001\u6ce8\u8089\u5c04\u8b1b\u300c\u62cd\u96de\u8089\u300d\u3001\u9178\u7d20(\u3055\u3093\u305d\uff0c\u6c27\u6c23) \u8b1b\u300c\u52c7\u6c23\u300d\u3001Hepatitic C \u300c\u6b7b\u5211\u809d\u708e\u300d\u3001\u3001\u3001\u50e5\u5016 \u00f4\u0358\uff01\u9019\u6b3e\u00ea\u4ee3\u8a8c\u600e\u6a23\u6703\u4f86\u767c\u751f\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u99ac\u5055\u75c5\u9662\u4e3b\u5f35\u300e\u5168\u4eba\u7167\u9867\u300f\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u300e\u8eab\u5fc3\u9748\u300f\u5168\u90e8\u5f97\u6551\u3002\u9019\u4e2d\u9593\uff0c\u8eab\u82e6\u75c5\u75dbkhah \u597d\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u9700\u8981 khah \u6fdf\u6642\u9593 kap \u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u82e5\u662f beh koh \u7167\u9867\u9748\u6027\uff0c\u5b9a\u8457koh\u9700\u8981\u5b97\u6559\u00ea\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5fc3\u7406kap \u9748\u6027\u650f\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u62bd\u8c61 \u00ea\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u82e5\u7121\u63a1\u7528\u60a3\u8005\u4e0a\u719f\u4f3c\u3001\u4e0a\u6709\u628a\u63e1\u3001\u4e0a\u6709\u611f\u60c5\u00ea\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4f86\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u7121\u53ef\u80fd\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2)<\/strong>\u4eba\u6587<\/strong> kap <\/strong>\u4eba\u6b0a<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u54b1\u650f\u77e5\uff0c\u91ab\u7642\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u5c0d\u60a3\u8005\u6709\u5920\u984d\u00ea\u540c\u7406\u5fc3 (empathy)\uff0c\u9019m\u0101\u662f\u6975\u5176\u7cbe\u795e\u5c64\u6b21\u00ea\u4eba\u6587\u95dc\u61f7\uff0c\u4e7e\u7126 \u6703\u7576\u9760\u52d5\u4f5c\u8868\u60c5 (body language) kap \u8a9e\u8a00 (spoken language) \u9b25\u642d \u00ea \u914d\u5408\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67cf\u62c9\u5716k\u0101\u91ab\u5e2b\u5206\u505a\u5169\u985e\uff1a\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u66ff\u5974\u96b8\u6cbb\u75c5\u00ea\u91ab\u5e2b (\u672c\u8eab\u901a\u5e38 m\u0101\u662f\u5974\u96b8)\uff0c\u4e7e\u7126\u958b\u85e5\u65b9\uff0c\u7121\u505a\u5565\u7269\u89e3\u91cb\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u66ff\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u770b\u8a3a\u00ea\u91ab\u5e2b (\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u6c11)\uff0cm\u0304-n\u0101\u958b\u85e5\u65b9\uff0ckoh kap \u60a3\u8005\u4ea4\u8ac7\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u75c5\u60c5\uff1b\u958b\u5c0e\u3001\u52f8\u6212\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u7528\u8a0e\u8ad6\u00ea\u65b9\u5f0f\u8aaa\u670d\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6e9d\u901a \u00ea\u793e\u6703 koh-khah \u8457\u9760\u8a9e\u8a00\u00ea\u5e6b\u8d0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a9e\u8a00\u6b0a\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u00ea\u5171\u8b58lah\u3002\u806f\u5408\u570b\u81ea 1948 \u5e74\u767c\u8868\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e86\u5f8c\uff0ckoh t\u012b 1996 \u5e74\u516c\u4f48\u4e16\u754c\u8a9e\u8a00\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00 (Universal Declaration of\nLinguistic Rights)\uff0c\u650f\u662fteh \u5f37\u8abf\u8a9e\u8a00\u4eba\u6b0a \u00ea\u95dc\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7f8e\u570b\u6c11\u6b0a\u6cd5\u6848 (the Civil\nRight Acts) \u751a\u81f3\u7279\u5225\u6709\u898f\u5b9a\u300c\u5c0d\u82f1\u8a9e\u7121\u628a\u63e1 \u00ea\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91ab\u7642\u7167\u9867\u00ea\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u5f97\u8457\u8a9e\u8a00\u5e6b\u8d0a\u00ea\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3)<\/strong>\u53f0\u7063\u4eba<\/strong> \u00ea <\/strong>\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53f0\u7063\u6587\u5316\u5167\u5bb9\u6709\u5357\u5cf6\u8a9e\u7cfb\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6f22\u6587\u5316\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u5316\u3001\u897f\u570b\u6587\u5316\u3001\u767e\u8d8a\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u7b97\u662f\u591a\u5143koh\u958b\u653e\u00ea\u6d77\u6d0b\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u7121\u61c9\u8a72\u53d7\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u675f\u7e1b\u8b8a\u505a\u76ee\u524d\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u6f22\u5b57\u505a\u4e3b\u9ad4\u00ea\u4e2d\u570b\u6027\u683c\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u00ea\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\u904e\u53bb\u7121\u6a5f\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u6b77\u53f2\u00ea\u60b2\u6158\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u54b1\u61c9\u8a72\u8d81\u9019\u500b\u6a5f\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\u6587\u5316\u00ea\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6027\uff0c\u91cd\u982dkoh\u5efa\u7acb\u6587\u660e\u3001\u591a\u5143\u3001\u958b\u653e\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5c0a\u91cd\u00ea\u53f0\u7063\u6587\u5316\u662f\u54b1\u9019\u4ee3\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u00ea\u6b77\u53f2\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u54b1\u7121\u7406\u7531\u8d70\u9583\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4)<\/strong>\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u7522<\/strong> \u00ea <\/strong>\u4fdd\u5b58<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0d 1948\u5e74\u52302008\u5e74\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570bkap \u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730NGOs \u650f\u7e3d\u767c\u8868\u8d85\u904e 20 \u7bc7kap \u8a9e\u8a00\u4eba\u6b0a\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2 \u00ea\u5ba3\u8a00\u3001\u516c\u7d04\u3001\u5354\u5b9a\u7b49\u516c\u6587\u66f8\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u6700\u8fd1 10 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8a9e\u8a00\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u3001\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u5ba3\u8a00 (Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity 2010)\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u6bcd\u8a9e\u65e5(International Mother Language Day 1999)\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u8a9e\u8a00\u5e74 (International Year of Languages\n2008)\u7b49\u7b49 \u00ea \u5ba3\u544a\uff0c\u650f\u662f teh \u63d0\u9192\u54b1\u8a9e\u8a00\u8cc7\u7522 \u00ea \u5bf6\u8cb4 kap \u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u767c\u5c55\u00ea\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u7121\u4f8b\u5916 m\u0101 \u8457 \u00e0i \u62cd\u62da\u8ca0\u64d4\u9019\u6b3e\u570b\u969b\u8cac\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u715e\u5c3e<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6309\u9802\u61f8\u8a0e\u8ad6\u54b1thang \u77e5\uff1a\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2 m\u0304-n\u0101\u9700\u8981\u6709\u91ab\u5b78\u53f0\u8a9e\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u00ea\u53f0\u7063\u672c\u571f\u8a9e\u8a00 (\u5ba2\u8a71kap \u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u8a71) m\u0101 \u650f\u771f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u52302014\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u91ab\u5b78\u5927\u5b78\u650f\u6709\u958b\u91ab\u5b78\u672c\u571f\u8a9e\u8a00\u00ea \u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c71\u91ab\u5b78\u5927\u5b78\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5fc5\u4fee\uff1b\u54b1\u61c9\u8a72\u4f86\u5408\u8fa6\u300c\u91ab\u5b78\u672c\u571f\u8a9e\u8a00\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u300d\uff0c\u9806\u7e8c\u8a0e\u8ad6OSCE\u4e2dStandard Patient \u61c9\u8a72\u6309\u600e\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u505a\u4f19\u4f86\u9874\u8b00\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6fc0\u982d\u6bbc\uff0c\u770b\u6309\u600e\u6703\u7576\u505a\u95a3\u8f03\u597d\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u60a3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n1)\u5a01\u723e\uff0e\u91d1\u91cc\u5361 (Will\nKymlicka)\uff0c\u9127\u7d05\u98a8(\u8b6f)\u30022001\u3002\u300a\u5c11\u6578\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u300b\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5de6\u5cb8\u6587\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n2) ABIM Foundation; American Board of Internal Medicine; ACP-ASIM Foundation;\nAmerican College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine; European\nFederation of Internal Medicine. Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a\nphysician charter. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:243-246.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n3)\u9673\u6c38\u8208: \u91ab\u5b78\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u53cd\u7701\u8207\u6539\u9769—\u5f9e\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\u8ac7\u8d77.\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248, 2002\/05\/22, \u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02:\u53f0\u7063\u65b0\u805e\u5831,2002. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a3b: \u672c\u6587\u662f\u6839\u64da\u4f5c\u8005\u767c\u8868t\u012b\u7b2c\u56db\u5c46\u53f0\u7063\u7f85\u99ac\u5b57\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u8a0e\u6703(2008\u3002\u4e2d\u5c71\u91ab\u5b78\u5927\u5b78) \u00ea\u8ad6\u6587\u505a\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\u9644\u8a3b\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u8f49\u8f09\u81ea\u300e\u6c11\u5831\u300f\u300a\u8ad6\u58c7\u300b, 2014-05-30<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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